And sure enough when they tried out that new model, it moved through without creating the boom. It has a pointy part to it just like the beak of the kingfisher. ![]() And so they did model the front of the train like the kingfisher’s face. So he thought, I wonder if I could apply this principle to the shape of the front of the bullet train. He had witnessed a kingfisher bird diving down through the air, going into the water and creating very little splash. It disturbed the wildlife.īut one of the engineers on the team trying to solve the problem was a birdwatcher. The sound was waking up people who lived nearby. The booming, it turned out, had to do with the shape of the face of the train.Īnd the reason this booming was happening, they discovered, is that this cushion of air was building up in front of that speeding train, going like 300 kilometers an hour. They were getting so fast that the typical bullet shape was causing a loud booming sound when these trains would exit typical train tunnels. In Japan, they have these very fast bullet trains. Kingfishers have a large head and a long, narrow beak. She told us how in the late 90’s Japanese engineers modeled a bullet train after a kingfisher, which is a bird found in many parts of the world. Image Credit: D A J FossettĮarthSky spoke to Sunni Robertson of the San Diego Zoo, a center for biomimicry research and education. They typically travel up to 300 km/h (186 mph). Japanese companies have operated bullet trains since 1964. This new discipline – using nature to find sustainable solutions to human problems – is called biomimicry. That’s exactly what happened in Japan in the late 1990s. These characteristics of thought processes in OCD might be a central, yet overlooked experience of at least some OCD patients.In a world where scientists are using nature’s best ideas and imitating natural designs and processes to solve human problems, a kingfisher can inspire a bullet train. Clinically, these results suggest that obsessions might be threatening not only because they are negative, but also because they feel unpredictable. ![]() Furthermore, we show that OC symptoms predict elevated negative and neutral out-of-context thoughts, highlighting the often-overlooked role of the context and predictability of thought in OCD, in addition to their content and appraisals. Critically, we show that the degree to which thoughts are out-of-context is independent of these thoughts’ absolute content, such that people who experience more negative out-of-context thoughts, also experience more neutral out-of-context thoughts. Across 3 studies (total N = 599) we demonstrate the reliability and validity of the OCTQ in predicting obsessive compulsive (OC) symptoms and more specifically, obsessions. ![]() In the current study we aim to broaden this notion by presenting a multidimensional concept of out-of-context thoughts and developing a self-report instrument measuring its different facets, the Out-of-Context Thoughts Questionnaire (OCTQ). Indeed, several models of obsessive compulsive symptoms postulate that obsessions are characterized by being unrelated to several levels of context (e.g. ![]() Obsessions are often described as aversive thoughts that come out-of-nowhere.
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